Non-narcotic pain relief from ketamine and adequate local anesthesia with PK technique has essentially eliminated PONV. Even by using two anti-nausea medications, techniques that use opioids report an 8 percent PONV rate. By contrast, PK has less than a 0.5 percent PONV without the use of any anti-nausea medications. Also, anti-nausea medications can have unpleasant side effects of their own.